Women of Science Fiction: Jane Wells Webb Loudon

Episode Summary

The podcast focuses on Jane Wells Webb Loudon, one of the first female science fiction writers. She was born in 1800 to an affluent family in England. After her parents died, Jane had to support herself financially. She found inspiration in Mary Shelley's recently published novel Frankenstein and decided to write her own take on the theme of bringing the dead back to life through science. In her 1827 novel The Mummy, a Tale of the 22nd Century, Jane imagines an Egyptian mummy being reanimated in the year 2126 in a future England that has recovered from a period of anarchy and is ruled by a queen. Unlike Victor Frankenstein, Jane's protagonist Edric Montagu is more reluctant about using science to alter nature and has reservations about the morality of his experiments on the mummy. The reanimated mummy serves as a lens for social commentary and critique of 19th century English politics. Jane's book envisions numerous futuristic technologies, including automation, weapons powered by steam, and mechanized cooking. Her vision of 2126 also includes women wearing trousers and a matriarchal society. The Scottish horticulturist John Claudius Loudon praised Jane's visionary ideas about agriculture. After meeting her in person, they married within months. Jane then stopped writing science fiction and focused on studying botany and writing popular gardening guides for women, assisting her husband with his botanical publications. She died in 1858, having pioneered science fiction as a genre that could be used to imagine fantastic futures as well as explore politics and culture.

Episode Show Notes

Jane Wells Webb Loudon (c.1800-1858) was an English author and early pioneer of science fiction. Her novel, The Mummy! is a classic of science fiction horror. She used her writing to reflect more deeply on politics and culture. She also created the first popular gardening manuals, making the art of gardening more accessible to young women.

Episode Transcript

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This month we're talking about women of science fiction. These women inspire us to imagine impossible worlds, alien creatures, and fantastical inventions, revealing our deepest fears and hopes for the future. Today's Womanican had mummies on the mind. In her debut novel, a mummy is brought back to life and is used as a lens to imagine what England might look like in the year 2126. Would technology and social progress have improved? What new kinds of creatures would roam the Earth? How would these new inventions change the very nature of humanity? The woman we're talking about today was one of the first writers to ask these kinds of questions. Let's meet Jane Wells Webb Loudon. Jane was born near Birmingham, England around 1800. Although she was born into an affluent family, her fortunes took a turn for the worse when her parents died in quick succession. Jane would have to support herself. Just a few years before Jane published her novel, she likely read the hottest new book of the time, Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. Shelley first published the book in 1818, and it immediately caused an uproar. Critics found the idea of reanimating a creature through science rather than divine creation blasphemous. Jane decided to write her own book on the subject. She called it The Mummy, a Tale of the 22nd Century. In Jane's book, an Egyptian pharaoh is reanimated as a mummy in England during the year 2126. In this imagined future, England is recovered from a long period of anarchy and is governed by an absolute monarch, a fictional queen. Although both The Mummy and Frankenstein delve into the idea of reanimation, they're drastically different in how they approach the subject. While Mary's protagonist has no trouble turning corpses into living monsters, Jane's main character, Edric Montagu, has more reservations. His experiments attempt to answer questions about the soul and the divine rather than prove scientific prowess. Jane is much more critical of using science to change the divine laws of nature. The Mummy is also more explicitly political in its exposition. Edric's creation, The Mummy, becomes a tool to reflect upon the inadequacies of English society and politics. In the imagined history of The Mummy, the centuries between 1827 and 2126 were an age of failed democracy. The people had devolved into anarchy without a leader. In this imagined history, Jane wrote, The people began to discover, though alas too late, that there was little pleasure in being masters when there were no subjects. The Mummy wasn't just a slightly altered version of Jane's current reality. Through the novel, Jane imagined what other innovations and technologies might exist in the future. Some of her observations are spookily accurate. She discussed the automation of certain jobs, the use of steam-powered weapons, and even mechanization of cooking. In Jane's future England, women also wore trousers and lived under a matriarchy. John Claudius London, a Scottish horticulturist, loved the book and praised it in a journal he edited called Gardener's Magazine. He was especially intrigued by the futuristic agricultural inventions that Jane mentioned in her novel. John arranged to meet with the author in person. Jane had published the first edition of The Mummy anonymously. When John arrived at their meeting, he was surprised to find Jane standing before him. The two were immediately smitten with each other, and within six months, they were married. Soon after the marriage, Jane stopped writing science fiction. She began studying botany instead, assisting her husband with his botanical publications. She wrote a popular series of books on flowers and gardening. Jane was also learning about gardening as she wrote. Her books were easy to read and digestible for amateur female gardeners. These guides allowed them to participate in invention and exploration at a time when most women were excluded from scientific and academic worlds. Jane died at her home in London in 1858. Her pioneering work in the burgeoning genre of science fiction paved the way for other authors to explore politics and culture through their own futuristic thought experiments. All month we're talking about women in science fiction. For more, find us on Facebook and Instagram at Womanica Podcast. Special thanks to Liz Kaplan, my favorite sister and co-creator. Talk to you tomorrow!