Women of Sound: Toshiko Akiyoshi

Episode Summary

In this episode of Womanica titled "Women of Sound: Toshiko Akiyoshi," we delve into the life and career of Toshiko Akiyoshi, a pioneering jazz pianist, composer, and band leader known for her unique blend of jazz with traditional Japanese instruments. Born in 1929 in Manchuria, now part of northeastern China, Toshiko began her musical journey with classical piano lessons at the age of seven. However, her path to music was not straightforward. After World War II, her family lost everything and returned to Japan, where Toshiko no longer had access to a piano. Her passion for music led her to find work as a pianist in dance halls catering to American soldiers during the occupation of Japan. It was here that she was introduced to jazz, a genre that would define her career. Toshiko's talent caught the attention of Canadian jazz virtuoso Oscar Peterson in 1953, leading to her first record and her enrollment at the prestigious Berklee School of Music in Boston, where she was the first Japanese musician to attend. After graduating, she moved to New York City with her husband, saxophonist Charlie Mariano, and started a quartet. Despite facing challenges due to her race and gender, Toshiko continued to pursue her passion for jazz. In the 1970s, after marrying saxophonist Lou Tabakin and moving to Los Angeles, Toshiko contemplated retirement but instead found a new direction by starting a jazz orchestra. This decision marked a significant turning point in her career, allowing her to explore new depths in her music by composing and arranging for a wider range of instruments, including traditional Japanese ones. Toshiko Akiyoshi's work has been celebrated for its innovation and cultural fusion, leading to her induction into the International Jazz Hall of Fame in 1999. Despite disbanding her big band in 2003 to return to her roots as a pianist, Toshiko has not stopped performing. She remains dedicated to her art, stating that as long as she can move smoothly, she will continue to take the stage. Toshiko Akiyoshi's story is a testament to the power of perseverance, innovation, and the blending of cultural influences in creating a unique and impactful musical legacy.

Episode Show Notes

Toshiko Akiyoshi (1929-present) is a Japanese jazz pianist, composer, and bandleader. Her work, which combines standard jazz techniques with traditional Japanese instruments, has earned her 14 Grammy Award nominations.

Episode Transcript

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These women dominated the airwaves, innovating, documenting, and creating the audio landscape we live in today.Today we're talking about a prolific jazz pianist, composer, and band leader.Combining jazz techniques with traditional Japanese instruments, she created music that was uniquely her own.Please meet Toshiko Akiyoshi. Toshiko was born in 1929 in the region of Manchuria, which is now part of northeastern China.She started playing piano when she was seven years old, receiving formal lessons in classical piano.But she almost had to give it all up. After World War II ended in 1945, almost all of the Japanese people living in Manchuria had to return to Japan.Toshiko's family lost all of their assets in the move.Toshiko no longer had access to a piano. Eager to tickle the ivories once more, Toshiko looked for other opportunities to play.One day, she stumbled upon an advertisement that said, Pianist Wanted.America's occupation of Japan was underway, meaning there was an influx of American soldiers.Those soldiers wanted entertainment in their off time, places to dance and listen to music.So Toshiko got a job playing the piano in a dance hall. A few months into playing at dance halls, a jazz collector came up to Toshiko and told her she had the talent to become a jazz player.Jazz wasn't something she'd considered before, but she went home and listened to a Teddy Wilson record and immediately fell in love with the genre. Toshiko bought a hi-fi phonograph on a monthly payment plan.But records were only available on the black market, so she visited jazz cafes to get her fix.She listened to every jazz record she could get her hands on and tried to copy what she heard. Toshiko then moved to Tokyo, where she dove further into the jazz world.In 1953, Canadian jazz virtuoso Oscar Peterson heard her play at a concert.He was so amazed by what he heard that he demanded that his label record her.The success of that album led Toshiko to enroll at the prestigious Berklee School of Music in Boston.She was the first Japanese musician at the school.In 1959, she graduated, and she married a saxophonist named Charlie Mariano. The pair moved to New York City and started a quartet. They didn't always have an easy go of it.People underestimated Toshiko due to her race and gender.In 1963, Toshiko gave birth to a daughter and decided to move to Japan.She couldn't go on the same long concert tours she used to, but she arranged, composed, and practiced.After two years, she moved back to the United States and divorced her husband. By the 1970s, Toshiko had married saxophonist Lou Tabakin and moved to Los Angeles.She felt her career stagnating and decided to retire from music.But retirement didn't last long.Lou convinced Toshiko to start a jazz orchestra.Previously, Toshiko played solo or in small bands. But when she was composing and arranging her songs for a wider range of instruments, she discovered a new depth to her music and a renewed zeal for performing. Toshiko wanted to record another album.She sent a set of scores to her friend, who was a music producer.The producer later told a reporter that the scores came with a message.These are totally different from previous jazz music.Don't be surprised.He was in awe of the uniqueness of her work, which incorporated a woodwind section as well as traditional Japanese instruments. In 1974, the Toshiko Akiyoshi, Lou Tabak, and Big Band released their first record entitled Kogan.It was a hit.Music was a form of self-expression for Toshiko. The title track of Kogan is about the Japanese soldier Hiro Onoda, who lived in the jungles of the Philippines for 30 years, not knowing World War II had ended.Her song Minamata is based on Minamata disease, an effect of mercury poisoning that was first reported in Japan. In 1999, Toshiko became the first Japanese person inducted into the International Jazz Hall of Fame.In 2003, the Toshiko, Akiyoshi, Luteback, and Big Band disbanded.After three decades working primarily as a composer and band leader, Toshiko wanted to return to her roots and play the piano.Toshiko hasn't stopped performing.She says as long as her body can move smoothly, she'll continue to take the stage. When asked whether or not she had anything left to achieve, Toshiko said, All month, we're talking about women of sound.For more information, find us on Facebook and Instagram at Womanica Podcast.Special thanks to Liz Kaplan, my favorite sister and co-creator. 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